The Oppressed (Or Dalit) and its necessity for predictive
history :
Gandhi called them Harijan - Children of God.
In the socialist world of Oppressor Vs Oppressed, the
oppressed directly translates to "Dalit" . Dr BR Ambedkar, a London
educated labor leaning politician, who for most of his life remained faithful to
British govt, an opponent of Mahatma Gandhi , Ambedkar was the face of
oppressed or a "Dalit" .
After 250 years of Aurangzeb,
100+ years into British rule , The
empire was plotting ideas to control India, sometimes in elite western
universities. Ideas of race, class, theoretical history, rudimentary philosophy was applied on India .
- Whether
India can be described by progressive history - fight of oppressor Vs Oppressed as required by
- Social darwinism.
- All sister system of Hagel - including Marx where duality was needed for progress.
- Whether
it is fight of Biblical races : Aryans driving into Dravidians.
- Using Social Darwinism
- Using theories of migration
- Whether
India can be described by newly learnt linguistics ( Incidentally this subject was highly developed in India).
- Languages as reflection of races as may be predicted from biblical studies.
Communist Progressives fight with racists for idea. But they
operate in very similar systems with a common requirement - The Black Or the
Oppressed must exist for sake of history- Marxist and Race theories needed
the Oppressed, defeated, black people to create and validate their version of
theoretical history .
That is one idea of Dalit . Dalit is the one that was defeated by Aryans in racial history ( for racial anthropology). Dalit is the oppressed in the history class struggle against oppressors ( for socialist marxist). Sometimes one finds a passage here and there separating these two meanings of Dalit, but generally they overlapped.
As an idea, this is different from Gandhi's
Harijan. Gandhi's Harijan didn't require the Oppressor/Oprressed, Aryan/Dravidian type of framework.
For Govt both have lot of intersection - Scheduled
Castes.
Caste, Race and All strong cocktails :
Caste is a european (spanish ? ) term for race. But Caste is synonymous by usage with Indian communities called Jati.
(1)Caste Vs Race : In principle One could be an out caste . Could one be racially exiled ?
Just as American by default is by birth or decent, similarly
default Caste is by birth. A child is borm to a community, he has to follow the rules. Practical Caste is more defined by nature
of work and disciplines, applied to social communities ( Similar to tribes ).
The Race and Progressive theories work in a gross
system that scales almost linearly across the world, and through
history. Indian Castes follow a different system of society, it doesn't scale
arbitrarily across geography or time :
(a) An Aryan by conception could be civilized. A Brahmin could be civilized. Therefore a bunch of Aryans would create a civil society. Bunch of Brahmins ? By a saying they would argue with each other.
(b) A hindu procession typically lead by
drummers identified as Harijan . Many offerings completed by
Brahmin has to be procured by a Harijan.
Race is description of a complete social group. A caste is a description of part of society. Aryan race didn't mandate presence and tasks for a Jew in his marriage as social custom.
Many have felt the mystique of India through ages,
including westerners to their bewilderment. That mystique is real India
that survived millenniums . Most Indians who are firmly opposed to caste even don't think in terms of race.
(2) Dalit/Harijan/Jatis Rights Vs
Slaves : Many find it easy to draw western attention by making castes
equivalent to races .
- All Castes are communities - they are not
traded like slaves.
- Castes as social groups has inherent
traditions of family, marriage, honor ,social relations, religion and
culture.
- The Highest Jati of Brahmin didn't have any economic rights other than begging and accepting gifts. A brahmin in many cases was barred to cultivate is own land, to trade etc.
The direct participation of Brahmin in economic and worldly activities institutionalized with relaxed caste norms. Practically economic activity would have been different at different times and places, however comparison of caste with slavery is misunderstanding.
- In a rural society, the Harijan castes did have certain rights for their living mainly through rights of fishing, poultry, eggs, liquor, certain agricultural products and certain religious and agricultural services.
The traditional caste is
incomprehensible to systems developed in west. Indian systems developed by Brahmins are not intellectual and distant. Intellectually People have found highest morals, amazing description of universe, great architecture, linguistics, mathematics and philosophy, powerful states but in snippets. Until late colonial period, Indian system was considered mystic. Indians might have considered this preoccupation in colonizing and large business incompatible.
Theories of race and migration have been used by govt and powerful to administer, but they have been unsuccessful descriptions.
-0-
Another post from 2008 - Questions On methods of Indian intellectuals